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Are you interested in finding ways to learn new things faster? Do you want to become a more effective and efficient learner? If you are like many students, your time is limited so it is important to get the most educational value out of the time you have available.
你是不是有興趣尋找可以更快掌握知識的新方法呢?你想成為一個有更高效率的學習者嗎?如果你像很多學生一樣時間有限，那么在有限的時間獲得最高的學習收益就是非常重要的。
Speed of learning is not the only important factor, however. Students need to be able to accurately remember the information they learn, recall it at a later time, and utilize it effectively in a wide variety of situations.
學習速度并不是唯一的重要因素。學生需要準確地記住他們學習的內容,可以在一段時間后回憶出來,并且在各種各樣的情況下有效地利用它。
So what can you do to become a better learner? Becoming an effective and efficient student is not something that happens overnight, but putting a few of these tips into daily practice can help you get more out of your study time.
怎樣可以成為一個更有效率的學習者呢?成為一個高效率的學習者并不是一蹴而就的,但選擇以下的一些建議并勤加練習，你就可以在有限的時間內學到更多。
1 Memory Improvement Basics 提高記憶力的基本建議

Basic tips such as improving your focus, avoiding cram sessions, and structuring your study time are a good place to start, but there are even more lessons from psychology that can dramatically improve your learning efficiency. Check out some of these memory improvement tips to maximize your memorization and retention of new information.
您可以從提高注意力，避免補習班，合理安排學習時間等基本的技巧開始著手，也有一些心理學的課程可以顯著地提高你的學習效率。運用這些改善記憶的建議,來最大化地提高你的記憶和保留信息的能力。
2 Keep Learning (and Practicing) New Things 學習新知識

Learning and practicing new skills helps your brain retain new information. One sure-fire way to become a more effective learner is to simply keep learning. A 2004 Nature article reported that people who learned how to juggle increased the amount of gray matter in their occipital lobes, the area of the brain is associated with visual memory. When these individuals stopped practicing their new skill, this gray matter vanished. So if you're learning a new language, it is important to keep practicing the language in order to maintain the gains you have achieved.
學習或練習一項新技能可以幫助你的大腦保持新信息。成為一個更高效學習者的有效方法就是不斷地學習。2004年Nature的一篇文章曾報道,學習變戲法的人其枕葉灰質的量增加了，這片大腦區域與視覺記憶相關。當這些人停止練習新技能時,灰質會逐漸消失。因此如果你正在學習一種新語言。經常練習是非常重要的，可以幫助你鞏固已學的知識。
3 Learn in Multiple Ways 用多種方式學習

Focus on learning in more than one way. Instead of just listening to a podcast, which involves auditory learning, find a way to rehearse the information both verbally and visually. This might involve describing what you learned to a friend, taking notes, or drawing a mind map. By learning in more than one way, you’re further cementing the knowledge in your mind.
采用不止一種的學習方法。不是僅僅聽播客（包含聽覺學習），找到一種可以在聽覺上和視覺上鞏固所學知識的方法。你可以對你的朋友描述你學到的知識，做筆記，畫思維導圖。通過多種方法學習,你會在頭腦中進一步鞏固所學知識。
4 Teach What You've Learned to Another Person 把你的所學教授給他人

Educators have long noted that one of the best ways to learn something is to teach it to someone else.Start by translating the information into your own words. This process alone helps solidify new knowledge in your brain. Next, find some way to share what you’ve learned. Some ideas include writing a blog post, creating a podcast, or participating in a group discussion.
教育者很早就指出,學習的最好方法之一就是教授給別人。首先把需要講解的信息翻譯成你自己的語言。這個過程有助于在你的大腦中鞏固新知識。接著,找到一些合適的方法來分享你所學的東西。包括寫一篇博客文章,創建一個播客,或參與討論組。
5 Utilize Previous Learning to Promote New Learning 利用已學知識學習新知識

Another great way to become a more effective learner is to use relational learning, which involves relating new information to things that you already know. For example, if you are learning about Romeo and Juliet, you might associate what you learn about the play with prior knowledge you have about Shakespeare, the historical period in which the author lived, and other relevant information.
另外一種提高效率的有效方式是使用知識之間的聯系進行學習。包括將新的知識與之前已學的知識聯系起來。例如，如果你正在學習羅密歐和朱麗葉，你可能會將你需要學習的知識和之前你已經知道的莎士比亞的信息，其生活的歷史時期，或者其他相關的信息聯系起來。
6 Gain Practical Experience 收集實踐經驗

For many students, learning typically involves reading textbooks, attending lectures, or doing research in the library or on the Web. While seeing information and then writing it down is important, actually putting new knowledge and skills into practice can be one of the best ways to improve learning.
對于大部分學生來說，典型的學習包括閱讀教材，參加講座，或者在圖書館或者網站上做研究。但獲取信息并將知識記錄下來是非常重要的。實際上，將新的知識或技術運用到實際中是提高學習效果的一種好方法。
If you are trying to acquire a new skill or ability, focus on gaining practical experience. If you are learning a new language, practice speaking with another person and surround yourself with language-immersion experiences. Watch foreign-language films and strike up conversations with native speakers to practice your budding skills.
如果你正嘗試學習一種新的技能，多關注實際經驗的積累。如果是正在學習一種新的語言，與其他人一起練習口語，讓自己沉浸在語言學習的環境中。看外語電影或嘗試與母語人士交流來提高自己的能力。
7 Look Up Answers Rather Than Struggle to Remember 記憶不牢時，適時查閱答案

Of course, learning isn’t a perfect process. Sometimes, we forget the details of things that we have already learned. If you find yourself struggling to recall some tidbit of information, research suggests that you are better offer simply looking up the correct answer.
學習必然不是一個完美的過程，有時我們會忘記所學知識的一些細節。研究表明，你如果發現回憶一些知識的細節很費力，一個更好的選擇便是直接查閱正確答案。
One study found that the longer you spend trying to remember the answer, the more likely you will be to forget the answer again in the future.
一項研究發現你記憶答案的時間越長，之后就越可能再次忘記。
8 Understand How You Learn Best

Another great strategy for improving your learning efficiency is to recognize your learning habits and styles. There are a number of different theories about learning styles, which can all help you gain a better understanding of how you learn best.
另外一種提高學習效率的有效方法是了解你自己的學習方式和風格。關于學習風格有很多不同的理論，這些學習風格的測試可以幫助你更加確定對自己最有效的學習方式。
9 Use Testing to Boost Learning以測試促進學習

Research has demonstrated that taking tests actually helps you better remember what you've learned, even if it wasn't covered on the test. The study revealed that students who studied and were then tested had better long-term recall of the materials, even on information that was not covered by the tests. Students who had extra time to study but were not tested had significantly lower recall of the materials.
研究表明測試可以幫助記憶已學的知識，甚至是測試上沒有覆蓋的知識也會得到鞏固。研究結果表明在學習后做測試的學生對測試中覆蓋和沒有覆蓋到的知識都有更牢固的長期記憶。那些有更多學習時間卻沒有參與測試環節的學生對知識的回憶能力明顯低于前者。
10 Stop Multitasking 避免同時做多件事

For many years, it was thought that people who multitask, or perform more than one activity at once, had an edge over those who did not. However, research now suggests that multitasking can actually make learning less effective.
很多年以來，我們都認為那些可以同時做多件事，同時參與多項活動的人比同時只做一件事的人更有優勢。然而最近的研究表明同時做多件事確實會使學習效率下降。
How can you avoid the dangers of multitasking? Start by focusing your attention on the task at hand and continue working for a predetermined amount of time.
你如何能保證避開同時做多件事的劣勢呢？在一定的時間內專注于你手頭的工作吧。
Final Thoughts 結語

Becoming a more effective learner can take time, and it always take practice and determination to establish new habits. Start by focusing on just a few of these tips to see if you can get more out of your next study session.
轉變為一個更高效的學習者需要花費時間，建立新的習慣也需要投入實踐和決心。嘗試以上的一些建議看看下一學期的學習效率是不是會更高吧。