2011-2012學年高一英語必修1（冀教版）素材（含教案和練習）
Unit 2 Friendship （1）
一. 內容：
Unit 2 Friendship（I）
詞匯解析：
1. express
（1）vt.
①表達；表示
例句：She expressed her thanks (to us). 她（對我們）表示感謝。
His face expressed his disappointment.他臉上浮現出失望的表情。
I cannot express (to you) how encouraging your letter was.
你的來信多么令人鼓舞，我無法用言語表達。
常見短語：
express oneself 表達自己的意思
例句：He expressed himself clearly in English. 他用英文清楚地表達自己的意思。
②快運、快遞、快匯（信件、貨物等）
express an urgent letter 以快遞寄出緊急信件
（2）adj. 快速的；快遞的
an express train快車
an express highway 高速公路
（3）n. 快車 (= express train) ；快遞服務，快件服務
the 9:00 p.m. express to Ottawa 下午九點開往渥太華的快車
例句：I sent the parcel by express. 我以快遞的形式寄那個包裹。
（4）adv. 快速地；用快遞方式地
to sent the parcel express包裹寄快件
例句：He traveled express. 他搭快車去。
詞匯拓展：
（1）expression n. 表達，說明；表情；措詞或短語
例句：They greeted him with many expressions of pleasure.
他們說了許多表示歡迎他的話。
Her expression showed that she was angry. 從她的表情可知道她正在生氣。
This expression is against idiom. 這一表達方式不合乎語言習慣。
常見短語：
①beyond (past) expression adj./adv. 無法形容（表達）的（地）
例句：The bride was lovely beyond expression. 那新娘美得無法形容。
②find expression in vt. 表現在……
例句：Her passion found expression in her painting. 她的熱情表現在她的畫中。
（2）expressionless adj. 無表情的；缺乏表情的；呆板的
例句：Their faces remained expressionless as they listened to the bad news.
聽到那壞消息時，他們的臉上仍然毫無表情
（3）expressive adj. 表現的，表達……的，有表現力的，富于表情的
an expressive glance 含情脈脈的一瞥
an expressive gesture 意圖明確的手勢
例句：The actor has an expressive face. 那個演員的臉表情豐富。
（4）expressively adv. 善于表現地；表情豐富地；意味深長地
2. college n.
（1）學院；大學
常見詞組：
a medical college 醫學院 college courses學院課程 college faculty學院教師
college education大學教育 go to college上大學 enter college 進大學
例句：The college is located next to the airport. 學院在機場旁邊。
Their son will start college in January. 他們的兒子將于一月份開始上大學。
（2）協會；社團；學會
the Royal College of Nurses 皇家護士協會
the College of Physicians 醫師公會
3. entrance n.
（1）[C] 入口，進口
例句：He stood in the entrance of the hospital.他站在醫院入口處。
Visitors are asked to go into the museum by the front entrance / entry.
要求觀眾從前門進入博物館。
“Excuse me, where is the entrance to the exhibition hall?”
“對不起，請問展覽大廳的入口處在哪里?”
the entrance to…通向……的入口處。
常用to…表示“……的”的名詞有：
a key to the door 開門的鑰匙 the answer to the exercise 這道題的答案
the way to the castle 到城堡的路 the road to the tower 通向塔的馬路
a reply to the manager 對經理的答復
（2）[C,U] 進入；入場
例句：The actor made only two entrances.那位演員只上過兩次臺。
Entrance is permitted only on production of a ticket.出示票方可入場。
（3）[U]進入的權利；入學許可
gain entrance to university 獲得大學入學許可
entrance fee 入場費；入會費
entrance examination 入學考試；進入公司的考試
詞匯拓展：
enter v.
（1）vt. 進入
例句：The train entered the tunnel.火車進入了隧道。
（2）加入; 參加; 入學
例句：I entered this company five years ago.我五年前進入這家公司。
He entered university at the age of 21.他21歲時進入大學。
Her dream to enter the famous university came true.
她要進入名牌大學學習的夢想實現了。
（3）登記；記入
例句：We entered our names in the guest book.我們在來客名薄上寫下姓名。
I entered my name for the exam.我報名參加那項考試。
常用短語：
（1）enter for 報名參加
例句：Every year I enter for the garden competition too, and I always win a little prize for the worst garden in the town!
我每年也報名參加花園大賽，但我總是得全鎮最差花園的小獎!
Lot of cars entered for this race last year.
去年，很多小汽車參加了這種比賽。
（2）enter into 開始；著手；成為…的一部分
例句：Our shop has entered into a contract with a clothing firm to buy 100 T-shirts a week.
我們商店與一家服裝公司達成了每星期批發一百件T恤衫的合同。
We'll enter into details at the next meeting. 關于細節問題我們下次會議上再討論。
Rice has largely entered into their diet. 大米已成為他們的主食之一。
4. examination n.
（1）考試；測驗 (= exam)
例句：Have you passed the examination you took last month?
你上個月參加的考試通過了嗎？
We’ll have an oral examination in English tomorrow.
我們明天要考英語口試。
She usually gets over 80 points in any examination.
她通常任何考試都在80分以上。
常見詞組：
an entrance examination 入學考試take an examination 參加考試
pass (fail) an examination 考試及格（不及格）cheat in an examination 考試作弊
（2）檢查
a medical examination體格檢查
詞匯拓展：
examine vt.
（1）檢查；細查
例句：The doctor examined her carefully.醫生給她作了仔細的檢查。
Yesterday the firemen examined the ground carefully, but were not able to find any broken glass.
昨天，消防隊員們仔細地檢查了地面，但未能找到任何碎玻璃。
例句：My suitcases were examined at the Customs when I entered the country.
入境時，我的提包在海關受到了檢查。
（2）測驗
例句：I examined students in English (on the previous lessons).
我測驗學生（前面幾課的）英文。
5. extremely adv. 極端地；非常地
例句：I'm extremely sorry.我非常抱歉。
It was an extremely difficult and dangerous task.
這是一項極度困難危險的任務。
詞匯拓展：
extreme
（1）adj. 盡頭的, 極端的, 極度的, 偏激的
例句：He lives at the extreme edge of the forest.他住在森林的最邊上。
His political ideas are rather extreme.他的政治思想相當極端。
（2）n. 極端, 極端的事物
例句：Sometimes he eats too much and sometimes nothing. He goes from one extreme to the other.
他有時吃得太多，有時不吃，從一個極端走到另一極端。
Extremes meet. （諺）兩極相通。
常見短語：
go（be driven）to extremes 走極端
in the extreme 極，非常
6. similar adj. 相像的，相似的；近似的
例句：My new dress is similar to the one you have.我的新衣服和你的那件相似。
Your views of education are similar to mine.你的教育觀點和我的類似。
All big cities are quite similar.所有的大城市差不多大同小異。
詞匯拓展：
similarity n.類似，類似處
a similarity of writing styles 寫作風格的相似之處
a similarity between the sisters 兩姐妹之間的相似之處
7. introduce vt.
（1）（與to連用）介紹
例句：He introduced his friend to me.他把朋友介紹給我。
Let me introduce myself; my name is Simpson.讓我作自我介紹吧,我名叫辛普森。
（2）（與to，into連用）引進，引入
例句：New Paris fashions are introduced into Shanghai every year.
巴黎的新流行式樣每年都被引進上海。
（3）（與to連用）引導，使入門；啟蒙
例句：He introduced me to weightlifting.他帶領我認識舉重。
詞匯拓展：
（1）introduction n.
①介紹
例句：He made the introduction at the party. 他在聚會上介紹大家認識。
②導入；采用
例句：The introduction of new advanced techniques in the factory is under discussion today.
在工廠采用新的先進技術的問題是今天的議題。
③導言，緒論，入門
An Introduction to Sociology 社會科學入門
an introduction to an advanced course 高級課程指南
（2）introductory adj. 介紹性的; 引言的，導論的
例句：The dean made a few introductory remarks before the lecture.
系主任在講課前講了幾句開場白。
8. creative adj. 有創造力的；創造性的；獨創的
creative work創造性的工作 creative writing有創意的寫作
例句：Human beings are creative animals.人類是有創造力的動物。
詞匯拓展：
（1）create vt.創造，創作，引起，造成
例句：All men are created equal. 人人生而平等。
Shakespeare created many famous characters.莎士比亞創造了許多有名的角色。
His words created an awkward situation.他的話引起了尷尬的場面。
（2）creation n.創造，創作物
例句：Man is the lord of creation. 人類是萬物之靈。
（3）creatively adv. 創造地，有創意地
（4）creativity n.創造力，獨創性
9. continue v.
（1）vi., vt 繼續
例句：The discussion continued after a break.那項討論在短暫的休息后繼續進行。
I’ll continue my study for another year.我將再繼續學習一年。
He continued reading (to read) when I spoke to him.當我給他說話時他仍然繼續閱讀。
（2）vi. 持續，仍舊
例句：According to the weather report, the weather will continue fine till this weekend.
據天氣預報,到本周末天氣仍然很好。
（3）vi. vt. 留任
例句：She continued as mayor for a second term.她連任了一期市長。
10. secret
（1） adj. 保密的；只有少數人知道的
例句：Don't tell anyone about our plan, keep it a secret ? it's a secret plan.
不要對任何人講我們的計劃，要保密，這是一個秘密計劃。
Someone has stolen the secret formula for the new drug.有人盜走了我們新藥的秘密配方。
He escaped through a secret door. 他是從一個暗門逃走的。
（2）n. 秘密，機密; 奧秘，神秘; 秘訣，訣竅；秘方
the secret of nature 自然的奧秘an open secret 公開的秘密
a top secret 絕密keep a secret 守秘密kept his secret 替他保密
in secret 秘密地 （=secretly, adv.）their secret thoughts 他們內心的想法
例句：What is the secret of his success? 他成功的秘訣是什么？
We often read in novels how a seemingly respectable person or family has some terrible secret, which has been concealed from strangers for years.
表面上道貌岸然的人或有聲望的家庭，卻有著駭人聽聞，多年不讓人知道的秘密，這樣的事情我們經常在小說里讀到。
The secret of this dish is in the sauce.使這道菜好吃的秘訣在于調味汁。
11. spread vt., vi. (spread, spread; spreading)
（1）（常與out連用）張開；伸展；延長；加寬
例句：The bird spread its wings.這只鳥展開翅膀。
Father spread the world map out flat on the floor and tried to find out the town where his son was fighting.
父親把世界地圖平攤在地板上,努力尋找他兒子正在戰斗的小鎮。
In these two years the city has quickly spread for ten miles to the north.
這兩年里城市很快地向北延伸了 10 英里。
（2）蔓延；擴散
例句：The fire spread from the factory to the houses nearby. 火從工廠蔓延到附近的房舍。
The illness spread through the village. 這種病在村里蔓延開了。
How terrible! The forest fire spread quickly. 真可怕！火勢在迅速地蔓延。
（3）薄薄地涂……；覆蓋；涂敷
a field spread with wild flowers 野花遍地的田野
例句：She spread the bread with butter. (=She spread butter on the bread.)
她把黃油涂在面包上。
（4）傳播，傳布
例句：He spread the information around.他到處散布那個消息。
The news spread through the school very quickly.那消息很快就傳遍了整個學校。
The story of these advanced workers spread quickly. 這些先進工人的事跡很快就傳開了。
詞匯拓展：
the spread of … “……的普及；……的傳播；……的蔓延”。
這里 spread 是名詞。
the spread of a disease 一種疾病的蔓延 the spread of education 教育的普及
12. wealthy adj.（wealthier，wealthiest）
（1）有錢的；富的
a wealthy family 富裕的家庭
例句：If we want everyone to be healthy, wealthy and happy, strict birth control is quite essential.
如果我們想使每個人都能過健康、富裕和幸福的生活，就必須實行嚴格的計劃生育。
（2）富于……的
a wealthy land富饒的土地 a country wealthy in natural resources 自然資源豐富的國家
wealthy in compassion 感情豐富
詞匯拓展：
（1）wealthily adv. 富有地, 豐富地
（2）wealth n.
①[U]（大筆）財富，財產
例句：The father passed on the family's wealth to his son.這位父親把大筆家產傳給兒子。
②（與of連用）大量，許多
a wealth of examples 許多例子
a magazine with a wealth of photos 一本有許多圖片的雜志
例句：She has a wealth of knowledge about plants. 她具有豐富的植物知識。
13. painful adj. （不可修飾人，反義詞painless）
（1）使痛苦的；使痛的
例句：His head was very painful.他的頭很疼。
（2）費心費力的; 困難的
a painful task 困難的任務a painful duty 費力的工作
詞匯拓展：
（1）painfully adv. 痛苦地（反義詞painlessly，無痛苦的；無需努力的，不費力的）
（2）pain n.
①痛苦；悲痛
例句：His bad behavior caused his parents a great deal of pain.
他的不良行為使他的父母感到非常痛苦。
②痛；疼痛
例句：He had a pain in his head.他頭疼。
He has pains / a pain / pain in the shoulders.他兩肩痛疼。
Has the pain passed off yet?不痛了吧?
③苦惱；煩悶； 討厭的人；討厭的物；厭惡
例句：She's a real pain.她真是一個令人討厭的人。(= pain in the neck)
④(pl)辛苦；努力
例句：No pains, no gains.／No gains without pains. （諺）不勞則無獲。
We must give him something. for his pains.我們必須給他點什么以便酬報他的辛勞。
常見短語：
be at pains to do sth. 苦心經營；辛苦地做
take pains (to do/in doing) 費苦心，努力做
14. attract vt.
（1）吸引
例句：She was attracted by the novel advertisement.她被這新穎的廣告吸引住了。
I tried to attract his attention, but failed.我想要引起他的注意，卻枉費心機。
（2）招引(多和to連用)
例句：What do you think attracts people to big cities?
你認為把人吸引到大城市的原因是什么？
He’s always attracted to women older than him.
他總是被年紀比她大的女性所迷住。
詞匯拓展：
（1）attractive adj. 有吸力的；有魅力的
例句：Her dark eyes are very attractive. 她的黑眼睛很迷人。
（2）attraction [C,U] 吸引，吸引力，吸引人的事物
例句：The idea of working for state-owned enterprises has little attraction to young people nowadays.
現時去國營企業就職的想法對年青人沒有多大吸引力。
The main attraction of the circus was a dancing bear.
那馬戲團最精彩的節目是熊表演舞蹈。
（3）attractively adv. 動人地，迷人地
15. handsome adj. （字母d不發音）
（1）漂亮的，英俊的（男人）；健美的，溫雅的（女人）
例句：He looks handsome and healthy. 他顯得俊美，健康。
Would you describe that lady as handsome or beautiful?
你覺得那女子是體態俊俏（五官端正）還是美麗啊？
（2）慷慨的；大方的
a handsome present 大方的禮物
例句：Handsome is that (as) handsome does. （諺）慷慨仁慈才是真美。
It is handsome of you to give us so much. 你真好，給了我們這么多。
（3）相當大的，可觀的：
a handsome prize 一筆巨額獎金 a handsome reward 一筆可觀的報酬
16.announcement n.通告，宣告
例句：He waited for the announcement of the result of the competition with bated breath.
他屏息靜氣地等待宣布競賽結果。
I’d like to make an important announcement.我要發表一項重要聲明。
詞匯拓展；
announce vt. 宣布, 通告，發表
例句：The captain announced that the plane was going to land.機長宣布飛機就要著陸了。
The government announced its new economic policies.政府發布了新的經濟政策。
17. competitive adj. 競爭的
a competitive spirit 競爭精神
詞語拓展：
（1）competition n.
①[U] 競爭
例句：He was in competition with 10 others for the job.
為得到這份工作他與10個人展開競爭。
Because there is so much unemployment, the competition for jobs is very fierce.
由于失業如此眾多,求職的競爭十分激烈。
There is more competition than before.
現在競爭比以前增加了。
② [C] 競賽
enter a competition 參加比賽
hold a golf competition 舉辦高爾夫比賽
例句：He takes part in a swimming competition.他參加游泳比賽。
It was a friendly competition. 這是一次友好的比賽。
注意：competition與game, race, match的區別在于：
game作“游戲，比賽”解,通常有一定規則，凡參加者均需遵守；說球賽, 美國人通
常用game，英國人則常用match。另外games(復數) 一般指大型的國際體育運動會, 如 the Olympic Games (奧運會), the Asian Games(亞運會)。
match 一般指競技比賽, 如: 拳擊、網球、高爾夫球等。
race 通常指賽跑、賽馬、賽車、賽船等運動。
competition 意為:比賽, 競爭, 可指各種形式的競賽。
（2）compete vi. 比賽, 競爭
例句：The children compete against (with) each other to reach the other end of the pool.
孩子們互相競爭著抵達池子的另一端。
The two teams competed for the championship.那兩支隊伍要爭奪冠軍。
Although there were only 4 horses competing, it was an exciting race.
雖然只有4匹馬比賽, 這比賽仍很精彩。
All these countries competed in the trade. 所有這些國家都在貿易中進行競爭。
（3）competitor n. 對手；敵手；競爭者；比賽者
例句：There were 12 competitors in the two-hundred-meter dash.
有十二名選手參加二百米賽跑。
The number of the competitors is 40. 參加比賽的人數是40。
短語講解：
1. feel like vt.
（1）（口語）意欲，想要，感覺想做……
例句：I feel like (having) a drink. 我想喝一杯。
Do you feel like taking a walk? 你要不要去散散步？
（2）摸（感覺）上去如同
例句：It feels like silk. 它摸起來像綢緞。
She felt like a princess in that dress.她穿上那件衣服后，覺得自己像個公主。
I feel like (like = as if) I am flying like a bird.我感覺自己就像鳥兒在飛翔。
短語拓展：
① look like 看上去似乎，好像
例句：She looks so much like her mother.她看起來很像她母親。
Look at that dark cloud. It looks like rain.看看那烏云，好像要下雨了。
Everything on the ground looks like tiny toys when you look down from a plane.
從飛機上往下看，地上的東西都像是小小的玩具。
② sound like 聽起來像
例句：It sounded like a train that was going under my house when the earthquake happened.
地震發生時，聽起來像有列火車在我的房子底下穿行似的。
It sounds like American country music.這聽起來像是美國鄉村音樂。
What he said sounds like a lie. 他所說的話聽來像是謊言。
2. live a … life 過著……的生活
live a busy but comfortable life 過著繁忙但舒適的生活
live a happy(simple) life 過著快樂（樸實）的生活
3. under pressure adv./adj 被迫；在強制下
例句：He doesn't work well under pressure. 他在壓力之下不能很好地工作。
短語拓展：
（1）under the pressure of 在……逼迫下，在……壓力下
例句：He’s under the pressure of business. 他經受著生意上的壓力。
（2）put/bring pressure on/upon sb. to do sth.對某人施加壓力
例句：They put/brought pressure on me to sell my precious land.
他們給我施加壓力，要我買到寶貴的土地。
4. go on
（1）發生；恰巧發生：
例句：I didn't know what was going on.我不知道發生了什么事。
（2）（時間）經過，過去
例句：As the days went on, it grew colder. 隨著日子一天天過去，天氣越來越冷了。
（3）繼續：
例句：Life must go on. 生命在延續。
I couldn’t finish my work, so I have to go on with it tomorrow.
我無法完成家庭作業，所以明天得繼續做。
Don't go on talking. 不要繼續講了。
Time is short, so let’s go on to the next subject. 時間不多，我們進入下一個主題吧。
注意：go on to do sth.與go on doing sth./ go on with sth.的區別
①go on to do sth. 表示“干完某件事后，接著再干另一件事”。
例句：He finished reading the text and then went on to write a composition.
他讀完課文后，接著又寫了一篇作文。
The old man had a drink of tea before he went on to tell the story.
老人喝了一口茶，然后接著講故事。
②go on doing sth./ go on with sth.繼續不斷地干某事,表示“某事未做完，繼續做下去”。
例句：She went on reading Lesson 9 for half an hour第九課她連續不斷地讀了半小時。
（比較：She read Lesson 8 and then she went on to read Lesson 9. 她讀完了第八課，接著就讀第九課。）
Although he was tired, he went on working.雖然疲乏了，他仍然繼續干工作。
（比較：After a short rest he went on to work.短暫休息之后，他接著干工作了。）
After having a rest, we went on doing our homework. 休息一會兒之后，我們接著做作業。（做同一件事情）
（比較：After having English lesson, we went on to have P.E. 上完英語課之后，我們接著上體育課。）
5. be happy with 對……滿足的，滿意的
例句：She is not happy with her present position as a typist.
她對于現在的打字員職位并不滿意。
I’m not happy with your explanation.我對你的解釋不滿意。
短語拓展：
（1）be happy to do 高興做……，做……而感到高興
例句：I'll be happy to meet him.我將高興地與他見面。
I'll be happy to meet them when I have time.我有空的時候,很樂意同他們見面。
（2）be happy that 高興
例句：I'm very happy that your health is showing signs of improvement.
看到你的健康狀況顯出好轉的跡象,我非常高興。
I’m happy that you could stay with us.我很高興你能暫住我們家。
（3）be happy at/about 高興于……，知道……而高興
例句：I was happy at the news of his return.我聽到他歸來的消息感到高興。
She was happy about helping him with his studies.她很高興能幫他搞研究。
6. agree with （反義詞：disagree with）
（1）agree with sb. 同意某人的話
例句：I agree with you. = I agree with what you said. 我很贊同你。（我和你意見相同）
（2）適宜健康；與……相宜(通常用于否定句)
例句：The liquor did not agree with me.這酒不適合我喝。
（3）一致；相符合
例句：His story agrees with the facts. 他的陳述和事實相符。
短語拓展：
（1）agree on 對……達成協議，對……取得一致意見
例句：We agreed on a plan.我們商量后決定某一計劃。
（2）agree to 同意（某提議等）
例句：I agreed to his proposal (plan).我同意他的提議（計劃）。
（3）agree to do同意……
例句：We all agree to start at once. 我們全都同意立刻出發。
（4）agree that… 見解一致，承認
例句：I agree with you that he needs a rest.我同意你的說法，他需要休息。
He agreed that he should have been more careful.他承認他當初應該更謹慎些。
7. for pleasure=for fun adv. 為了取樂；當作玩笑；不是認真的
例句：Mr. Alexander doesn't just write for fun; in fact, writing is his bread and butter.
亞歷山大從事寫作不是為了好玩，事實上寫作是他的謀生之道。
類似短語：
for laughs[美俚]為了取樂，作為消遣，借以開心
for love為了愛[興趣]，由于愛好而做某事
for luck為了表示吉利，祝福
for money 現款交易
for nothing免費，徒然
for rent供出租
for safety為安全起見，以保證安全
for sale待售
for the future今后
8. find out 找出，發現，查明（真相等），揭發
例句：I found out the phone number by looking it up.通過查找我查到了電話號碼。
Please find out when the ship sails for New York.請打聽一下那艘船什么時候開往紐約。
Liars risk being found out.騙子冒著被揭穿的危險。
Most embezzlers are found out in the end.大多數貪污犯最后都被查出。
9. focus on vt. & vi.
（1）使集中在焦點上, 定焦點, 調焦
例句：A nearsighted person cannot focus on distant object.
近視的人無法把焦點對準遠處的物體。
I focused the camera on her.我把照相機的焦點對準她。
（2）聚焦, 注視
例句：We must focus (our attention) on urgent problems.
我們必須把注意力集中在緊急的問題上。
10. get along (well) with
（1）相處(融洽)：
例句：How are you getting along with your new girlfriend? 你和新女友相處得如何？
－“How are you getting on with your classmates?”
“你同班上的同學相處得怎樣?”
－“Quite well, thank you.” “挺好，謝謝。”
Yang Mei is getting on well with her foreign friends.
楊梅同她的外國朋友們相處得很好。
（2）進展
例句：How are you getting along with your work? 你的工作進展如何？
－“How are you getting on with your business?”“你的生意做得怎么樣?”
－“Not bad, thank you.” “還不錯，謝謝。”
At first she didn't get on well with her job.一開始她的工作做得并不好。
11. decide on 對……作出決定（指經過考慮或討論研究作出決定）
例句：She decided on the red shoes.她決定要買那雙紅鞋。
They decided on spending the vacation by the sea.他們決定在海邊度假。
He decided on taking the position at the bank. (=He decided to take the position at the bank.)
他決定擔任銀行的職務。
12. be different from 與……不同
例句：My opinion is different from yours.我的意見和你的不相同。
City life is very different from country life.都市生活和鄉村生活是非常不同的。
短語拓展：
（1）tell the difference between（between A and B）
tell常與情態動詞 can或 be able to連用，意為“斷定，清楚地知道”。
例如：Who can tell what will happen？誰能預知將會發生什么事呢？
People can't tell the difference between the twin brothers. 人們分辨不出這對孿生兄弟。
Can you tell the difference between these two words?你能講得出這兩個詞的區別嗎？
（2）be different in… 在……方面不同于
例句：They are quite different in their tastes.他們的品位差異很大。
13. get across （使）越過，通過，被理解
例句：I have tried to get my point across.我已盡力讓我的觀點清晰明了。
How can I get across to the students?我怎樣才能讓學生心服口服?
14. calm down 平靜下來，鎮定下來
例句：It was difficult to calm down the football fans.要使足球迷們平靜下來是很困難的。
15. build up 增進；加強
build up one's strength增強體力
例句：But at sea the wind can build up giant, powerful waves.
但是在海上,風能形成巨大強勁的波浪。
Hard working conditions build up character. (喻)艱苦的工作條件能磨練人的性格。
Promote physical culture and build up the people's health.發展體育運動,增強人民體質。
I'm very glad to see that your vocabulary is gradually building up.
看到你的詞匯量在逐漸增長,我很高興。
16. due to adv. 由于，因為；由……引起；
accidents due to driving at high speed由于高速開車而引起的交通事故。
例句：Her illness was due to bad food.她的病是壞了的食物造成的。
17. give away vt.
（1）送掉，分發，免費贈予
例句：He gave all his lands to the city.他把他所有的土地捐贈給那個城市。
（2）放棄，泄露
例句：She is sure to give away your secret.她一定會泄露你的秘密。
（3）出賣，背叛
例句：However, it was her face that gave her away. 然而，她的表情背叛了她。
疑難辨析：
1. feeling，emotion，passion，sentiment
（1）這些名詞指的是情緒反應，并通常指強烈的主觀的個人反應，例如愛或恨。盡管feeling和emotion 有時可以互換使用，但feeling 更概括更中性：
feelings of hope and joy 充滿希望和快樂的感覺
a feeling of inferiority 自卑感
religious feelings 宗教情感
a feeling of discomfort 不舒服的感覺
I have a feeling he'll come.
我覺得他要來了。
He had lost all feeling in the left leg.
他的左腿完全失去了知覺。
（2）emotion常被認為是這兩個詞條中較強烈的一個，暗含興奮或焦慮的意思：
He has difficulty controlling his emotions.
他很難控制自己的感情。
Poetry is not a turning loose of emotion, but an escape from emotion.
詩不是情感的轉向松弛，而是情感的出口。
（3）passion指強烈的、咄咄逼人的情感：
They seemed like ungoverned children inflamed with the fiercest passions of men.
他們看起來像狂野不羈的孩子，卻燃燒著男子漢最熾烈的情感。
（4）sentiment常指由情感或受情感影響而產生的想法或意見：
What are your sentiments about the government's policies?
你對政府的政策有什么想法？
Reason should not be guided by sentiment.理智不應受感情左右。
There is no sentiment in business affairs.商場上是不講情面的。
2. separate，divide，part，divorce
當這些動詞意為變得或使變得分開的，斷開的或分離的時，可對它們進行比較。
（1）separate 意指放置為相隔的和保持相隔的：
The Pyrenees separates France and Spain. 比利牛斯將法國和西班牙分開。
The child's parents have separated. 這孩子的父母已經分居了。
He separated the big eggs from the small ones.他把大蛋和小蛋分了開來。
（2）divide暗示通過或好像通過切開、劈開或分割形成幾部分、幾份額或幾份來分離：
We divided the orange into segments. 我們將橘子分成幾部分。
（3）part最經常指親密關系的人或事的分離：
None shall part us from each other. 沒有什么能將我們分開。
I remember the way we parted. 我記得我們分開的情形。
（4）divorce暗指一個關系或聯盟的組成成分的分離：
He got divorced from his wife last month.他上個月和妻子離婚了。
3. distant，far，faraway，remote
這些形容詞都表示在時間、空間或關系上的遠離、遠隔或分開。
（1）distant可指具體的間隔
a house a mile distant from town 距市鎮一英里的房屋
heard the sound of distant traffic 聽到遠處汽車發出的聲音
（2）far用來指長距離的遠離：
We are/come from a far country. 我們來自一個遙遠的國度。
He seems so near, and yet so far. 他看上去是這么近，卻又是那么遠。
（3）faraway表示比 far更大的距離：
troops landing on far-off shores上了遠處海岸的部隊；
faraway mountains and lakes遠處的群山和湖泊。
（4）remote不僅指遠而且表示同時遠離說話者所在的地點：
remote stars遙遠的星星；
a remote outpost of civilization遙遠的文明界線；
the remote past. 久遠的過去。
4. used to do, be/grow/become/get used to (doing), be used to do
（1）used to表示過去發生的習慣性動作，現在已無此習慣。
例如：He used to smoke.他過去常常吸煙。（現在戒了）
He used to be strong when he was in junior middle school. (= He was strong, but not now.)
他讀初中時身體曾經是健壯的。（內含的意思是“現在不健壯了。）
There used to be lots of apple trees around the house 10 years ago. （=There were lots of apple trees…, but there aren't any now.）
十年前，這座房子四周曾經有著許多蘋果樹。（內含的意思是“現在沒有了”。）
（2）be/grow/become/get used to (doing) sth. （開始／逐漸／變得）習慣做某事
例句：The astronauts soon got used to the condition of weightlessness.
太空人很快就習慣了失重狀態。
I am used to traveling by air and only on one occasion have I ever felt frightened.
我習慣了乘飛機旅行，只有一次我可給嚇怕了。
You must get used to getting up early. 你必須習慣于早起。
（3）be used to do被用來做……
例句：Wood can be used to make tables. 木頭被用來做成桌子。
5. take place, take the place of
（1）take place意為“發生、舉行”，是一個不及物動詞詞組。
例句：Great changes have taken place in China. 中國發生了巨大的變化。
（2）take the place of 代替，取代
例句：Plastics have taken the place of many materials. 塑料已取代了許多材料。
No one can take the place of your manager. 沒有人能夠接替你們經理的工作。
6. It + be + 時間 + since-clause
It + be + 時間 + before-clause
It + be + 時間 + when-clause
It + be + 時間狀語 + that-clause
It + be + time + that-clause
It / This / That + the first(second , third …) time + that-clause
在學習中，同學們對“It + be + 時間 + 從句”這個結構經常混淆不清，下面逐一進行分析。
（1）It + be + 時間 + since-clause
這個句型表示從since 從句謂語動作發生以后到現在或過去所經過的一段時間，意為“自從……以來已多久了”，主句多用一般現在時，從句用一般過去時，如果表示過去的情況，主句用一般過去時，從句用過去完成時，或主句用過去完成時，從句用一般過去時。
例如：It is (has been) three years since his father passed away. （從現在算起）
自從她的父親去世已經三年了。
It was (had been) 10 years since they married. （從過去算起）他們結婚十年了。
注意：It’s + time +since I did sth. 其中從句的動詞是可延續性的動詞時，則表示從句的動作已經結束，譯成漢語是否定的。
例如：?Have some Maotai, please. ?No, thanks. It’s three years ______ I drank.
A. before B. since C. after D. when
答案B。該句意為：不，我已經戒煙三年了。與上下文語境符合。
（2）It + be + 時間 + before-clause
這個句型中的時間一般為表示一段時間的詞語（如：long years, months, weeks, days, hours, minutes），主句中的謂語動詞用肯定式，意為“過多長時間才……”。主句的謂語動詞是否定式時，意為“沒過多長時間就……”。主句的時態可用過去時was或將來時will be；用was 時，before從句的動詞用一般過去時；用will be 時，before從句常用一般現在時。
例如：It was not long before she learned those poems by heart.
她沒過多久就背會了那些詩歌。
It was long before the police arrived.過了很久警察才來。
It will be hours before he makes a decision.要過好幾個小時他才會做出決定。
It will not be hours before meet again.要不了幾個小時我們還會再見面的。
（3）It + be + 時間 + when-clause
這是個定語從句。在這個句型中, it 指時間，而且表示時間的詞語前沒有介詞（時間一般為具體時間）。主句中的謂語動詞和從句中的謂語動詞在時態上一般是一致的。
例如：It was already 8 o'clock when we got home. 我們到家時已經八點了。
It was the next morning when we finished our work. 第二天早上我們才干完活。
It will be midnight when they get there. 我們到達時將會是午夜了。
（4）It + be + 時間 + that-clause
這個句型是個強調句型。
例如：It was two years ago that he made an important invention.
（原句是：He made an important invention two years ago.）
是在兩年前他做出一項重大發明。
It was at 5 o'clock that he practiced playing the violin in the morning.
（原句是：He practiced playing the violin at 5 o'clock in the morning.）
早上他練習拉小提琴的時間是在五點鐘。
比較：It was 5 o'clock when he started in the morning.
（5 o'clock前沒有介詞，這是個定語從句）
（5）It + be + time + that-clause
這個句型屬虛擬語氣結構，不管主句中用的是 is 或 was ，that從句都須用動詞的過去式或should + 動詞原型（但不及用過去式普通），在time之前有時可加上high或about 以加強語氣。
例如：It is time (that) we handed in our exercises.
（= It is time that we should hand in our exercises.）
我們該交練習作業了。
It is high time (that) she wrote a letter to her boyfriend.
該是她給男朋友寫信的時候了。
（6）It / This / That + the first(second , third…) time + that-clause
這個句型表示截止到說話時為止的某人的一種經歷，關鍵是注意time前有序數詞，主句是is時，從句要用現在完成時；如果主句用一般過去時was，則從句須相應地用過去完成時。
例如：This is the first time (that) these Europeans have visited the Great Wall.
這些歐洲人是第一次參觀長城。
It was the fifth time (that) I had paid a friendly visit to Africa.
這是我第五次友好訪問非洲了。
【模擬試題】（答題時間：20分鐘）
一、聽力
聽力文件（略）
第一節 聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題后所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置上，每段對話僅讀一遍。
1. What is the relationship between the two speakers?
A. Husband and wife.
B. Doctor and patient.
C. Salesman and customer.
2. What does the man want to do?
A. He wants to know where the computers are.
B. He wants to sell computer disks.
C. He wants to buy computer disks.
3. What are they going to do?
A. To see an exhibition.
B. To have a meeting.
C. To listen to a lecture.
4. Where are the two speakers?
A. In a restaurant. B. In a hotel. C. In the street.
5. What did the boy do before he came home?
A. He played basketball.
B. He watched a game.
C. He went to school.
第二節 聽下面2段對話。每段對話后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷上。聽每段對話前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話讀兩遍。
聽第6段對話，回答第6～7題。
6. For whom does the woman probably want to buy a ski jacket?
A. For her husband. B. For her son. C. For her daughter.
7. Why doesn't the woman buy the jacket?
A. It's too expensive.
B. It's too big.
C. She doesn't like the colors.
聽第7段對話，回答第8～10題
8. Why does the man make the phone call?
A. He wants to book some seats for the show.
B. He wants to get some information about the show.
C. He wants to know on what day the show will be given.
9. How much does the tickets cost if the man wants to buy one.
A. 30 dollars. B. 13 dollars. C. 33 dollars.
10. When will the show probably end?
A. At 10：00 p. m.
B. At 8：00 p. m.
C. At about midnight.
聽第8段對話，回答第11～13題。
11. Who is Ken?
A. Beth's brother.
B. Beth's boy friend.
C. Beth's father.
12. Where did Beth go last night?
A. She went to a bar with her friend.
B. She went to a cinema with Ken.
C. She went to a party with her parents.
13. What does Beth's brother think she should do?
A. She'd better look for a new boy friend.
B. She'd better buy something for herself.
C. She'd better ask herself if she wants anything.
聽第9段對話，回答14～16題。
14. What do both of the two speakers want to do in the coming new year?
A. To save some money.
B. To work harder.
C. To lose weight.
15. What did Henry do last year?
A. He joined a health club.
B. He stopped smoking.
C. He got a good job.
16. Who wants to have a nice vacation?
A. Jeff. B. Alice. C. Henry.
聽第10段獨白，回答17～20題。
17. Who is the speaker?
A. An official. B. A tourist. C. A guide.
18. When can you come if you want to see how bread was baked 200 years ago?
A. On Sunday afternoon.
B. On Tuesday morning.
C. On Saturday afternoon.
19. Where did Sir Henry come from?
A. England. B. The USA. C. France.
20. How many interesting places are mentioned here?
A. Two. B. Three. C. Four.
二、英語知識運用
第一節：單項填空
從A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出適合空白處的最佳選項。
21. ______ it is to go for a picnic on such a fine day!
A. What a fun B. What fun
C. How fun D. How a fun
22. We'll hold the meeting in the open air ______ in the meeting room.
A. instead B. in place
C. instead of D. in place of
23. This kind of paper was as soft and light as silk but ______ expensive.
A. not much B. much less
C. so little D. no such
24. ?Let me introduce myself, I'm Albert.
?______.
A. What a pleasure B. It's my pleasure
C. Pleased to meet you D. I'm very pleased
25. His lovely explanation made the students ______ in his teaching.
A. interest B. interesting
C. interested D. to interest
26. Is there any difference ______ American English and British English?
A. from B. between C. among D. for
27. ______ giving us a hand, he stood there laughing.
A. Without B. Instead of
C. While D. Instead
28. These shoes cost ______. What's more, they are ______ small for me.
A. much too; too much B. too much; much too
C. very much; very D. very much; much
29. He works seven days a week, and six of ______ until one o'clock at night.
A. that B. the time C. which D. them
30. ______ is impossible ______ the work on time.
A. It; for us to finish B. It; of us to finish
C. That; for us finish D. It; for us finishing
31. It was ______ late to catch a bus after the party, therefore we called a taxi and went home directly.
A. too very B. much too C. too much D. far
32. Let Harry play with your toy as well, Clare. You must learn to ________.
A. support B. care C. spare D. share
33. Could you go and __________, please?
A. find what the matter is with Tom B. find out what the matter is with Tom
C. find out what’s the matter with Tom D. be sure what is the matter of Tom
34. ?Mrs Brown is always beautifully dressed.
?Yes, she wears _______ nice clothes!
A. so B. such C. such a D. so much
35. ?Let me introduce myself. I'm Li Ping.?
? .?
A. What a pleasure B. It's a pleasure
C. Pleased to meet you D. I'm very glad.
第二節：完形填空
閱讀下面短文，從短文后所給各題的四個選項（A、B、C、D）中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。
A high school history teacher once told us, “If you make one close friend in school, you will be most fortunate. A true friend is someone who stays with you for life.” 36 teaches that he was right. Good friendship is just not easily37.
It is possible that we simply do not stay in one place long enough for a 38 friendship to develop. However, there can be no disagreement on the 39 for each of us to think carefully about the 40 of friendship we want.
To most of us, friendships are 41 very important, but we need to have clear in our 42 the kinds of friendship we want. Are they to be close or 43 at arm's length? Do we want to share ourselves or do we want to walk on the 44? For some people, many friendships on the surface are 45 enough and that's all right. But at some point, 46 to make sure that our expectations are the same as our friends' expectations. The 47 of personal experience including our tears as well as our dark dreams is the 48 way to deepen friendships. But it must be undertaken（進行）slowly and 49 only if there are signs of interest and action in return.
What are some of the 50 of friendship? The greatest is the attraction to expect too much time. Another “ 51 difficulty” is the selfishness to take actions too soon. Deep relationships 52 one “possesses” the other, including his time and attention.53, friendships in return. In other words, you must give as much as you take. 54 there is a question of taking care of them. 55 you spend reasonable time together, talking on the phone, writing letters, doing things together, friendships will die away.
36. A. Knowledge B. Practice C. Experience D. Success
37. A. understood B. formed C. realized D. produced
38. A. true B. common C. short D. whole
39. A. hope B. difference C. need D. courage
40. A. kind B. length C. warmth D. value
41. A. made B. considered C. explained D. reminded
42. A. hearts B. thoughts C. actions D. minds
43. A. remained B. left C. kept D. stayed
44. A. mud B. surface C. ice D. feet
45. A. long B. easy C. quite D. not
46. A. it needs B. we need C. one needs D. they need
47. A. spreading B. sharing C. seeking D. showing
48. A. easiest B. latest C. worst D. surest
49. A. watched over B. turned away
C. broken down D. carried on
50. A. difficulties B. differences
C. advantages D. types
51. A. actual B. rough C. upset D. major
52. A. require B. request C. depend D. suggest
53. A. Surprisingly B. Fortunately
C. Similarly D. Frequently
54. A. Finally B. GraduallyC. Obviously D. Curiously
55. A. Though B. Unless C. Since D. When
【試題答案】
一、聽力：
1. M: Oh, I can't find my book. Do you know where it is, darling?
W: I saw it on the coffee table this morning.
M: You're right. Here it is. It was under the newspaper.
答案：A
2. M: Excuse me. Do you sell computer disks?
W: Oh, yes. We sell all types of disks.
M: Great. And where do you keep them?
答案：C
3. M: We're going to listen to a lecture about environment protection.
W: Really? I thought we'd go to see an exhibition.
答案：A
4. W: Front desk. Can I help you?
M: Yeah, hi, this is Room 327. Is your dining-room still open?
答案：B
5. W: Hi, Mum. We won the basketball game at last. I scored a lot.
M: Great! Your dad will be very proud of you.
答案：A
聽第6段對話，回答第6～7題。
W: Excuse me. Could you help me?
M: Certainly. What can I do for you?
W: We're looking for a girl's ski jacket. I like this style. Do you have it in size 10?
M: Let me see…Size 4,6,8…Here we are. Size 10.
W: Oh, I don't really like yellow. What other colors does it come in?
M: It comes in red, pink, light blue, and black.
W: The pink is nice. How much is it?
M: It's $ 160.
W: Oh, well, it's a bit too dear. We'll have to think about it.
答案：6. C 7. A
聽第7段對話，回答第8～10題
W: Madison Square Carden. Can I help you?
M: Yes. Do you have any more tickets for the concert on Friday night?
W: Do you mean the Rock ＆ Roll Rivival Show? Yes, we still have some $ 30 tickets left.
M: Great. OK, and is the box office open now?
W: Yes, the box office is open from 10:00 a.m. to 8:00 p.m.
M: Oh, by the way, what time does the show start?
W: It starts at 8:00 in the evening.
M: And what time does it end?
W: Well, there are four bands, so it'll probably end about midnight.
M: Thanks a lot.
W: No problem.
答案：8. B 9. A 10. C
聽第8段對話，回答第11～13題。
M: OK, what's the problem? Do you want to talk about it?
W: No…Yes…I don't know.
M: Come on, Beth, I'm your brother－what's the matter?
W: It's Ken. He's really fun to be with, but he's the cheapest guy I've ever gone out with.
M: Why? What did he do?
W: Last night we went to a movie. I bought the tickets while he parked the car.
M: So?
W: Well, he never gave me any money for his ticket. And you won't believe what happened next!
M: Yeah ?
W: He went to the snack bar and came back with popcorn and coca…for himself! He never even asked me if I wanted anything!
M: Wow! That sounds pretty bad.
W: I know. I really like him, but he makes me mad, too. What should I do?
M: You should start looking for a new boyfriend!
答案：11. B 12. B 13. A
聽第9段對話,回答14～16題。
M: Hi, Alice, have you made any New Year's decision?
W: Just the usual. I'd like to lose some weight, and I want to save some money.
M: Come on. Everybody makes those decisions.
W:I know, Henry. Well, I hope I'll get a good job after I graduate this summer. But that's not a decision. I'm going to work harder. How about you?
M: Hmm. I stopped smoking last June. That was last year's promise myself.
W: So what do you want to do this year?
M:I want to start getting more exercise. I have to lose weight, so I'd like to join a healthy club.
W: I'd like, too. Jeff told me he'd like to treat himself a really nice vacation.
M: Oh? Where did he think he would go?
W: He might go to a quiet beach in Mexico, or go fishing in Canada. He hasn't made up his mind yet.
答案：14. C 15. B 16. A
聽第10段獨白，回答17～20題。
Good morning, ladies and gentlemen, and welcome to our tour. This morning, we're going to take you to some points of historical interest in the city. If you have any questions, please don't hesitate to ask.
If you look out of the window on your right, you'll see the Grange. One of the oldest buildings in the city, it was built for our first may or 200 years ago, and still has most of the original furniture. Perhaps the most interesting thing is that every Saturday afternoon, you can come and watch them bake bread the way it was done 200 years ago.
On your left is University College. This university building is just 125 years old. We'll be stopping in a moment at Bridgeton Castle. This castle was built by Sir Henry Pellat for his young wife. He bought almost all of the building materials from England. Notice the beautiful glass windows. Unfortunately, Sir Henry's young wife became ill and died before the castle was completed. Sir Henry became so unhappy that he left the castle and returned to England. No family members ever lived there.
答案：17. C 18. C 19. A 20.B
二、英語知識運用
第一節 單項選擇
21. 解析：本題考查名詞fun的用法。因為fun是名詞，排除C、D兩項。fun意為“有趣的人或事”，是不可數名詞，不能用a修飾，排除A。故答案為B。
答案：B
22. 解析：instead of后可跟名詞、動名詞和介詞短語。本句句意為：我們舉行露天會議而不在會議室召開。in place of意為“盡管有”，后跟名詞、代詞、動名詞。
答案：C
23. 解析：從整句來看，此處應是和絲綢的對比關系，much可修飾比較級。
答案：B
24. 解析：introduce myself“作自我介紹”。Pleased to meet you是初次見面用語。
答案：C
25. 解析：考查動詞make后接復合賓語的用法。用“make＋sb. / sth. ＋賓補”這一句型用來說明賓語sb. / sth. 的狀況時，賓補多用形容詞。注意B、C項都是形容詞，B項多說明物，C項多說明人。
答案：C
26. 解析：句型：There is…difference between A and B / between the two.
答案：B
27. 解析：本句句意為：他不幫助我們，卻站在那兒發笑。while要跟從句，instead是副詞，不跟賓語；without意思不通。
答案：B
28. 解析：too much的用法類似much，可作名詞用。much too的用法類似too，只用來修飾形容詞、副詞，本句句意為：這鞋子太貴，而且我穿也太小了，故不買。Too…for…意為“太……而不……”。
答案：B
29. 解析：句中連用and表明C項不合要求，and后面部分沒有主語及謂語，因此不是并列分句，而是并列時間狀語，表示six of the seven days，用them指代“七天”，B項the time太模糊。
答案：D
30. 解析：第一個空白處為形式主語，只可用it。第二個空白處為不定式復合結構作真正主語。譯為：我們按時完成這項工作是不可能的。句型：
It is＋adj.＋for sb. to do sth.
答案：A
31. B32. D33. C34. B35.C
第二節 完型填空
36. 解析：經驗可以證明該歷史老師說的話是正確的。
答案：C
37. 解析：從上下文可知，真誠的友誼是不容易建立起來的。
答案：B
38. 解析：在一處地方呆得時間較短時，是不大可能與別人發展起來真摯的友誼的。
答案：A
39. 解析：no disagreement為雙重否定，此句意是人們都認為我們每一個人都有必要認真考慮我們需要什么樣的友誼。
答案：C
40. A41. B
42. 解析：have…in one's mind“想到，想清楚”。
答案：D
43. 解析：keep…at arm's length“保持一定的距離”，此處用了被動語態。
答案：C
44. 解析：根據下一句可知答案。
答案：B
45. 解析：“對于某些人來說，與人保持表面的友誼就足夠了。”
答案：C
46. 解析：根據句子結構和句意可知答案。
答案：B
47. 解析：句意是“與人分享自己的經歷，包括眼淚和噩夢才最有可能加深友誼”。
答案：B
48. D
49. 解析：carry on“繼續，進行下去”。
答案：D
50. A51. D
52. 解析：require“需要”。
答案：A
53. 解析：similarly“同樣地”。
答案：C
54. 解析：最后一段列舉了發展友誼的幾個困難，由文中的“the greatest”“another”兩個信息詞可推斷此處用finally最佳。
答案：A
55. B
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相關閱讀：Unit 12 Art and literature教學案