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Unit Two (Reading)
一、 短語翻譯
1.對青少年很常見
be common to teenagers
2.調大音量
turn up
3.一次時間的浪費
a waste of time
4.和某人的一次不愉快的經歷
an unpleasant experience with sb.
5.強迫某人做某事
force sb to do sth
6. 比預期的早一天
a day earlier than expected
7.be too hard on sb
對某人太苛刻了
8.等不及做
can’t wait to do
9.讓某人掌管
leave sb in charge
10.期待某人的好的決定
expect a good decision from sb.
11.不受懲罰
go unpunished
12.把某人的雙臂交叉著
have one’s arms crossed
13.給某人一個解釋的機會
give sb. a chance to explain
14.值得知道真相
deserve to know the truth
15. 以…形式in the form of
16. 給出…的理由
give a reason for sth.
17. 在某方面不同differ in /be different in
18. 跟某人因為某事而爭辯
argue with sb. about sth.
二、句型講解:
1. Growing up can be difficult. (p21)成長不容易。
growing up是動名詞短語作主語。
1) Sb.’s/sb. doing是動名詞的復合結構，可在句中作主語或賓語。
2) 動名詞作主語時，謂語動詞用單數。主語過長時，用it 做形式主語
① Finding a good place to live continues to be one of the man’s most urgent problems.
（用continue適當形式填空）
②Tom’s returning so soon surprised me.（湯姆返回）
③Reading English is easier than speaking it. （讀英語）
④It is no use arguing with him. （和他辯論）
補充詞組:grow up成長，長大 grow into長成，發展成grow out of 產生自；戒掉
2. Do you have to turn up your music so loud? （p21）你非得把音樂聲調得這么大嗎?
turn up 1)旋大;開大。
Turn the radio up a little. It's too low. （把收音機聲音開大點）
2）(人)露面，到；(物)被發現；
① 他突然出現在會上。 He suddenly turned up at the meeting.
② 你丟掉的鋼筆總有一天會出現的。 Your lost pen will surely turn up one day.
3．Don't you think this is a waste of time? (p21)難道你不認為這是浪費時間嗎?
常用句型 a waste of …浪費……
It's a waste of …doing sth. 做某事是浪費……
waste…on sth. 在……上浪費……
waste…(in)doing sth. 浪費……做某事
①It's a waste of time waiting any longer. （再等下去）
②Much energy is wasted producing things that are thrown away.（生產扔掉的東西）
③You're wasting your time trying to persuade him. He'll never join us. （想勸說他）
④She wasted too much money on those books.（買那些書）
4. When you have a problem and want to talk to someone, who do you choose to talk to? (p21) 當你有問題想跟人談一談時，你喜歡跟誰談呢?
choose v. 選擇；決定；喜歡；寧愿
①I had to choose between the two. (在兩者間做選擇)
②I want to choose her a nice present.==I want to choose a nice present for her.
③There are many types to choose from.（可選）
④He chose to stay home while all the others went to the cinema.（選擇了）
⑤We chose her as/to be monitor.選她做班長。
補充：choice n. 選擇，抉擇，挑揀上的人／物 make a choice做選擇
have no choice but to do 只好，不得不
at one’s own choice 任意地，隨意地
5. Mom and Dad arrive back from vacation a day earlier than expected. (p22)
媽媽和爸爸比預期的早一天度假回來。
expect預想, 預期，料想 than expected比預料的 as expected如預料的那樣
①There are more people present than expected.（比預料）
②The film was not interesting as expected.（不如預料）
6. Eric runs in after it, followed by a big dog，walking very slowly.(p22)
埃里克跑進來追球，后面跟著一只走得慢騰騰的狗。
followed by… 過去分詞短語作伴隨或方式狀浯，表示被動含義。
現在分詞短語作伴隨或方式狀語時表示主動意味，即表示該動作是前面主語發出來的。
①The boy spent the night locked in the room.
②He sat in the corner of the room, crying sadly.
Do you know the boy (who is) lying under the big tree?
There was a terrible noise following the sudden burst of light.
7．The money with which you were to buy dog food is gone，but Spot looks so hungry! (p22) 你應該用來買狗食的錢不見了，但Spot卻一副餓相。
were to在此表示過去的計劃和安排。was/were to還可表示純過去將來時的意義。be to do結構常用來表示計劃;安排;指示;命令或要求等，它也可以表示可能性或注定要發生的事情。提示：be to可用于條件狀語從句中，表示“想要” (should/want to)。
①Their daughter is to be married soon.（快要結婚了）
②No one is to leave the building. （任何人不得離開）
③You are to be back by 10 o'clock.（你要在十點前回來）
④If you are to see him, you must come early. （你要見他，你就得早點來）
be gone: gone在句中作表語表示狀態。gone形式上為過去分詞，但它常被用作形容詞，作表語或補足語，表示“離開了的；(時間)過去了；(物)不見了，用完了，消逝了”等意。
①How long do you think you'll be gone? （你要離開多久？）
②When I came back，my car was gone. （不見了）
③Gone are the days when we used foreign oil.（日子一去不復返）
8．We didn’t think you would let the house get so dirty.
當think, believe, suppose, expect, fancy, imagine等動詞的主語為第一人稱，且本身為一般現在時態時，其后的賓語從句的否定詞通常轉移到主句中，即主句的謂語動詞用否定式，而從句的謂語動詞用肯定式。否定轉移是指否定形式在謂語動詞，而否定的信息焦點卻在狀語和表語，或否定形式在主句，而否定的信息焦點卻在從句。這是英語的一種習慣思維方法，與漢語不同，應予注意。現分類歸納如下：
1．not＋think，believe，suppose，imagine…＋that－clause 在這種句式中，not從賓語從句的謂語動詞的前面轉移到了主句謂語動詞think，believe，suppose等的前面。例如：
I'm sorry，but I don't think I know you．對不起，我想我并不認識你。
I don't believe he'll come．我想他是不會來的。
這類句子后面的反意疑問句更能準確地說明not的否定范圍。如：
I don't think you've met Xiao Wang，have you？我想你沒碰見過小王，對嗎？
2．not…because（of） 這種結構中的 not否定的是后面 because引導的從句或 because of引起的介詞短語。也就是說，not從because（of）的前面轉移到了主句或整個句子的謂語動詞的前面。例如：
He was not ready to believe something just because Aristotle said so．他并不只是因為亞里士多德說過某事如何如何，就輕易相信它。
I didn't take a raincoat because it was raining．我不是因為下著雨才帶雨衣的。
3．not…＋動詞不定式或介詞短語 在這類結構中，我們實際上是將否定后面不定式的not轉移到了謂語動詞上。如：
Jack doesn’t seem to like you．（＝ Jack seems not to like you．）杰克看來不喜歡你。
He didn't take the boy from the tracks to safety to win his own fame，but to benefit the boy's parents．他把男孩從鐵軌上抱到安全地帶，不是為了獲得個人的名譽，而是為了孩子的父母。
He didn't come here by train．他不是乘火車來的。
9．This is not the family where bad behavior goes unpunished and you…
go unpunished 意思是“不會被懲罰”這兒go 是連系動詞表示“保持某種狀態”(通常不是期待的狀態)：in a particular and usually undesirable state
His complaints went unnoticed. （他的抱怨沒有人注意。）
All the man here go armed （這兒所有的人都武裝起來。）
The food easily goes bad in the summer. （ 食物在夏季很容易邊壞。）
It is necessary not to let errors go uncorrected. （不能讓錯誤不訂正是必須的。）
課 堂 檢 測
一、翻譯下列短語
1．不許再玩電腦游戲
no more computer games
2．想要做某事
feel like doing sth
3．本應該
should have done
4．做出明智的選擇
make good decisions
5．在某方面不同
differ in /be different in
6．撥打….（號碼）找我
call me at/on
7．雙臂交叉
have one’s arms crossed
8．既然
now that
9．擔當
act as
10．一片狼藉
( in) a mess
二、單項選擇題
1. Recently I bought a second-hand car ____D______ was very low.
A. which price B. the price of whose C. its price D. whose price
2. Is this factory ___C___we visited last year? www.xkb1.com
　 A. where 　B. in which 　C. the one 　D. at which
3. We visited the factory __ B__ makes toys for children.
A. where B. which C. in which D. at which
4. I have many friends, D some are businessmen.
A. of them B. from which C. who of D. of whom
5. The doctor A she sent her friend is very famous.
A. to whom B. to whose C. whom D. at whom
6. Don’t be too hard ___ B ___the boy; he didn’t mean _____ it.
A. at; doing B. on; to do C. on; doing D. for; to do
7. This box is so heavy that he cannot lift it. __D__ , he is only a ten-year-old child.
A. In all B. Above all C. At all D. After all
8. There was a terrible thunder __B__the sudden burst of light.
A. followed B. following C. was followed D. which was followed by
9. I insisted that he __C__, which means I insisted on ____.
A. should go; he goes B. go; he goes
C. he should go; him going D. would go; his going
10. Mother’s expression suggested she __D__ angry, so I suggested Father ____ talking to her. A. should be; would stop B. be; should stop C. was; stopped D. was; stop 11. I can hardly hear the radio．Would you please C ? (NMET 1995) A. turn it on B. turn it down C．turn it up D. turn it off 12. A two exams to worry about, I have to work really hard this weekend. (2004北京) A. With B. Besides C. As for D. Because of
13. ??Do you think the Stars will beat the Bulls? (NMET 1999)
——Yes. They have better players, so I C them to win.
A. hope B. prefer C. expect D. want
14. Laws that punish parents for their 1ittle children's actions against the laws got parents A (2004重慶) .
A. worried B. to worry C. worrying D. worry
15. C you've got a chance，you might as well make full use of it. (NMETl999)
A. Now that B. After C. Although D. As soon as
三、翻譯完成下列句子：
1．你丟掉的筆終會找到的。Your lost pen will surely turn up one day .
2．他迫不及待地要到市場去。 He can’t wait to go to the market.
3．我不會參加聚會，除非邀請我。I won’t go to the party unless invited.
4．他們注定以后永遠不再見面They were never to see each other.


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